This project aims to: (1) promote sustainable livelihoods for drylands (through irrigated crop production, crop diversification, small livestock production and marketing, grazing management, woodland management, wildlife management and ecotourism, production of small grains, improved post-harvest storage and processing facilities, water harvesting and management, community seed producers’ networks, community-based safety nets, training of communities in pasture management and establishment of fodder banks, training of communities in commercial seed production, and facilitation of community-bas

In 1993, the Community Drought Mitigation project embarked on providing technical support to farmers to improve their crop production while conserving soil and water.  A number of demonstrations were conducted.

The Netherlands Climate Change Studies Assistance Programme (NCSSAP) in Yemen will compliment Yemen’s National Adaptation Plan of Action (NAPA). Whereas the NAPA focuses on physical adaptation measures, the NCCSAP will concentrate more on social-based adaptation to climate change. Both programs are located within the Climate Change Unit of the Environmental Protection Authority, which operates under the newly created Ministry for Water and Environment. The main focus is water management.

Capitalizing on its vast network of trainers throughout Vietnam, the Red Cross integrated a climate change and adaptation unit into its disaster preparedness training modules.  One component of this project was awareness-raising about the impacts of climate change on livelihoods and the need to be prepared to adapt.

Mangrove forests are located in 23 coastal provinces in Thailand.  These forests used to cover 368,000 ha in Thailand in 1961, but the area dropped to 240,000 ha by 2002.  The major causes of the loss of mangrove forests are timber and charcoal industries, while some areas were converted for urbanization, agriculture, and aquaculture especially shrimp farms.  In 2004, a five-year Action Plan for Mangrove Management in the Gulf of Thailand was established to preserve mangrove forests, as well as to promote the sustainable use of mangrove resources.

In a case of autonomous adaptation, communities in the Lower Songkram River Basin have developed a number of coping mechanisms to deal with floods and droughts. One is indigenous forecasting methods (for example, ants removing their eggs from the nest is seen as a sign of rain, and a decrease in mushrooms can signal drought). Another is modification in fishing gear to conform to climate changes (for example, when the water level is high, they use traps or fishing hooks. When it is low, they use mong and uan tap taling, a type of net that is anchored along the riverbank).

The Water Sector Support Project aims to strengthen sector institutions for integrated water resources management and improve access to water supply and sanitation services.

This project will use participatory methods in planning and implementation to set up water user groups in charge of assuring operation and maintenance of a sustainable irrigation scheme. The project will train the community in proper water management and operation and maintenance of the irrigation furrow, in agricultural extension and agribusiness skills, and in soil and water conservation. The goal is to assure sufficient water to supply agricultural production and domestic use, thus improving living standards.

This project aims to implement sustainable adaptation alternatives in the fishing communities of the Lake Victoria region in order to restore food and income generation supporting activities.

Sea level rise threatens water supply in coastal Tanzania due to salinization of the water table. Lack of steady water supply forces women to travel long distances for water, which takes time away from other activities. In other cases, families purchase water, which can be expensive. Farm operations are compromised by inavailability of irrigation. Diseases are more prevalent due to water shortages.