In 1993, the Community Drought Mitigation project embarked on providing technical support to farmers to improve their crop production while conserving soil and water.  A number of demonstrations were conducted.

Capitalizing on its vast network of trainers throughout Vietnam, the Red Cross integrated a climate change and adaptation unit into its disaster preparedness training modules.  One component of this project was awareness-raising about the impacts of climate change on livelihoods and the need to be prepared to adapt.

The Shinyanga region in the north of Tanzania is occupied mainly by the agropastoral Sukuma people.  The Hifadhi Ardhi Shinyanga (HASHI) project, which means “soil conservation” in Kiswahili, is a government initiative under the Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism.  It has been instrumental in reviving the Sukuma people’s traditional practice of conservation.  Using indigenous knowledge, they are practising a natural resource management system called ngitili - a Sukuma word meaning enclosure.  Traditionally ngitili were used to provide animal fodder for very young, old or sick an

This pilot project aims to strengthen institutional and technical capacities to effectively react and adapt to adverse effects of climate change in three villages in different Jamoats (sub district administrative units) in Varzob District in western Tajikistan. The project created an Adaptation Advisory Group in conjunction with Ministry of Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, and other research institutions in order to develop technologies or adaptation plans.

The installation of photovolaic solar energy systems in three Senegalese villages led to an increase in local productivity by encouraging people to stay in the villages instead of leaving in search of economic opportunity. Many socio-economic benefits associated with electricity provision were observed, such as improved health services, enhanced livelihood, and educational and cultural opportunities.

An project providing technical advice, organization training, and financial help to farmers can be seen as case of “serendipitous” adaptation. Under the tutelage of ENDA-SYSPRO, farmers set up co-ops dedicated to agro-forestry. Benefits include reduced soil erosion, reduced need for irrigation, improved soil fertility, increased income opportunities (through agriculture), and improved food security (through crops).

Maize is one of the main staple foods in Southern Africa. However, droughts and poor soil often result in small harvests or even total harvest failure. The New Seed Initiative for Maize in Southern Africa has been developing maize varieties with tolerance to drought, certain diseases and soil lacking in nutrients since 1996.

The Implementation of Adaptation Measures in Coastal Zones (GEF) Project aims to support efforts by Dominica, Saint Lucia, and St. Vincent and the Grenadines to implement specific (integrated) pilot adaptation measures addressing primarily the impacts of climate change on their natural resource base, especially on biodiversity and land degradation along coastal and near-coastal areas. The project also seeks to produce knowledge of global value on how to implement adaptation measures in small island states that can be applied in other countries in the region and the world.

The overall project goal of the market-oriented smallholder development project (IDA) is to accelerate agricultural growth and poverty reduction within the Central Region of Mozambique in line with the priorities of Mozambique’s Action Plan for the Reduction of Absolute Poverty 2001-2005. The immediate project development objective is to increase the income of smallholder farmers in selected districts by empowering producers and building their organizations, increasing on- and off-farm production and productivity and facilitating access to markets.

The purpose of this government project is to strengthen organization and capacities of local rural people to incorporate adaptation to climate change  in their socio-economic activities, within a land planning framework for the territory located in the central coastal plain of El Salvador.  It will accomplish this objective through 7 lines of action:  (1) diversification and incorporation of additional added value to agricultural activities to increase the capacity to cope with climate change; (2) promotion of non-agricultural economic initiatives to decrease impacts associated with agricu